Ultrasonic examination of common carotid artery wall elasticity of persons with different stages of internal carotid artery atherosclerosis

Ultrasonic methods were used in this study to examine the
association between the common carotid artery (CCA) wall elasticity and the
atherosclerosis stage in the internal carotid artery (ICA). The degree of
stenosis determined ultrasongraphically was used as an indicator of the
atherosclerosis stage in the ICA. The examined persons were 45 to 80 years old.
They had no arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and were not smokers. A
comparative study was carried out for cases with ICA atherosclerosis (66
arteries) and without ICA atherosclerosis (61 arteries). In both groups there
were persons without and with hypercholesterolemia, which according to our
studies had no significant influence on CCA wall elasticity. The CCA wall
elasticity was determined by the stiffness coefficient alpha and the
distensibility coefficient DC based on ultrasonic measurements. The influences
of age and arterial blood pressure on the CCA wall elasticity were taken into
account in the analysis. The study revealed a significant decrease of the CCA
wall elasticity in the case of patients with atherosclerosis compared with
persons without atherosclerosis, and showed a significant correlation between
the increase of the ICA stenosis degree and the decrease of CCA wall elasticity.